This remote city settled in a verdant oasis at the foot of a rocky peak with an imposing ninth-century BC citadel overlooking the new and old parts of the town. Steps carved into the rock lead up to the Urartian fortress; halfway, cuneiform inscribes pay homage to Xerxes, and several Urartian royal rock tombs are inside.
In the old city, the Ulu Mosque, Hüsrev Paşa Mosque, Kaya Çelebi Mosque and the İkiz Kümbet-Twin Mausoleums reflect the Seljuk and Ottoman architectural styles.
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